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What are Conditions in Python?
Sulochana Kamshetty
a year ago
Let’s understand this
concept with the help of small story telling…..
There was
a showroom manager who wanted to check all the sales during festivals and also
wanted to know what will be the sales of the festivals with given conditions to check his financial conditions. So, let's help this manager, what all he
can solve the issues with the help of conditions to come across with his
solution.
Before that let's see
why conditions are used, and what are different types of conditions are there
in python program.
Definition:- Python uses Boolean
variables to evaluate conditions. The Boolean values true and false are
returned when an expression is compared or evaluated.
Types of conditions:-
1.
Python if else condition
2.
Indentation
3.
Elif
4.
Else
5.
Short hand if
6.
Short hand if else
7.
And
8.
Or
9.
Nested if
10.
Pass statement
Now let’s check each and
every type of conditions and will even check how the manager has used it…
Python Conditions and If statements
Python supports the usual logical conditions from
mathematics:
- Equals: a == b
- Not Equals: a != b
- Less than: a < b
- Less than or equal to: a <= b
- Greater than: a > b
- Greater than or equal to: a >= b
These conditions can be used in several ways, most commonly
in "if statements" and "loops".
An "if statement" is written by using the if keyword.
Example
If statement:
Sales = 66%
off sales = 200%
if b > a:
print("off sales is greater
than sales")
Output :- off
sales is greater than salesIn this example, we use two variables, sales and off
sales, which are used as part of the if
statement to test whether off sales is greater than sales.
As sales are 66%, and sales are 200%, we know
that 200% is greater than 66%, and so we print to screen that "off sales
is greater than sales".
2:- INDENTATION
Python relies on indentation
(whitespace at the beginning of a line or extra space mentioned after the code)
to define scope in the code. Other programming languages often use
curly-brackets for this purpose.
Example
If statement, without
indentation (will raise an error):
Sales = 33%
offsales = 200%
if b > a:
print("off sales is greater than sales") # you will get an errorSince that we have used extra
spaces in our code the python couldn’t gave the proper output with..
Let’s use sales as A, and replace with off sales with b for our
easy convenience..
3. ELIF:-
The elif keyword is pythons way of saying "if
the previous conditions were not true, then try this condition".
Example
a = 33
b = 33
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
print("a and b are equal")Output:- In this
example a is equal to b, so the first condition is not true, but
the elif condition is true, so we print to screen that "a and b
are equal".
4) ELSE:-
The else keyword
catches anything which isn't caught by the preceding conditions.
Example
a = 200%
b = 33%
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
print("a and b are equal")
else:
print("a is greater than b")
In this
example a is greater than b, so the first condition is not true,
also the elif condition is not true, so we go to
the else condition and print to screen that "a is greater than
b".
You can also have an else without the elif:
Example
a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
else:
print("b is not greater than a")
5.) SHORT HAND IF..
If you have only one statement to execute, you can put it on
the same line as the if statement.
Example
One line if statement:
if a > b: print("a is greater than
b")
6.)SHORT HAND IF…ELSE
If you have only one statement to execute, one for if, and
one for else, you can put it all on the same line:
Example
One line if else statement:
a = 2
b = 330
print("A") if a > b else print("B")This technique is known as Ternary Operators,
or Conditional Expressions.
You can also have multiple else statements on the same line:
Example
One line if else statement, with 3 conditions:
a = 330
b = 330
print("A") if a > b else print("=") if a
== b else print("B")
7.)AND:-
The and keyword is a logical operator, and is used
to combine conditional statements:
Example
Test if a is greater than b, AND
if c is greater than a:
a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b and c > a:
print("Both conditions are true")
8.)OR:-
The or keyword is a logical operator, and is used
to combine conditional statements:
Example
Test if a is greater than b, OR
if a is greater than c:
a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b or a > c:
print("At least one of the conditions is true")
9)NESTED IF:-
You can have if statements
inside if statements, this is called nested if statements.
Example
x = 41
if x > 10:
print("Above ten,")
if x > 20:
print("and also above 20!")
else:
print("but not above 20.") 10)THE PASS STATEMENT:-
if statements cannot be empty, but if you for some
reason have an if statement with no content, put in
the pass statement to avoid getting an error.
Example
a = 33
b = 200
if b > a:
pass# CONCLUSION:- these are few different conditionals where
manager has applied and found the difference of sales applied on different
situations.
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