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Python Design Patterns - Prototype
Neha Kumawat
3 years ago
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Implementation of a prototype pattern
- Advantages
- Disadvantages
Introduction
The prototype design pattern is a creational design pattern that helps to hide the complexity of the instances created by the class. It allows to copy an existing object or we can say cloning the existing object which is independent of the concrete implementation of their classes.
An object that supports cloning is called as Prototype.
The prototype design pattern saves time and resources .
Implementation of a prototype pattern
Implementation of a prototype pattern.
import copy
class Cloneclass:
type = none
value = none
def clone(self):
pass
def getType(self):
return self.type
def getValue(self):
return self.value
class Type1(Cloneclass):
def __init__(self, no):
self.type = "Type1"
self.value = no
def clone(self):
return copy.copy(self)
class Type2(Cloneclass):
""" Concrete Cloneclass. """
def __init__(self, no):
self.type = "Type2"
self.value = no
def clone(self):
return copy.copy(self)
class ObjectGroup:
""" Manages prototypes.
It encapsulates prototype
initialization and then allows instatiation
of the classes from these prototypes.
"""
object1 = none
object2 = none
object3 = none
object4 = none
@staticmethod
def initialize():
ObjectGroup.object1 = Type1(1)
ObjectGroup.object2 = Type1(2)
ObjectGroup.object3 = Type2(1)
ObjectGroup.object4 = Type2(2)
@staticmethod
def getObject1():
return ObjectGroup.object1.clone()
@staticmethod
def getObject2():
return ObjectGroup.object2.clone()
@staticmethod
def getObject3():
return ObjectGroup.object3.clone()
@staticmethod
def getObject4():
return ObjectGroup.object4.clone()
def main():
ObjectGroup.initialize()
obj = ObjectGroup.getObject1()
print("%s: %s" % (obj.getType(), obj.getValue()))
obj = ObjectGroup.getObject2()
print("%s: %s" % (obj.getType(), obj.getValue()))
obj = ObjectGroup.getObject3()
print("%s: %s" % (obj.getType(), obj.getValue()))
obj = ObjectGroup.getObject4()
print("%s: %s" % (obj.getType(), obj.getValue()))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()Output
The prototype method provides a way to copy the existing object and then modify it according to our needs.
Advantages
- There is no need to create new sub classes.
- Create complex objects more conveniently.
- Creating a prototype of an object without pairing to their concrete classes
- Saves time and resources.
Disadvantages
- If the number of objects is less then it is not a suitable pattern i.e. it is wasting the resources .
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